NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Resources and Development

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 Resources and Development are given here. With these solutions, you will learn the right way to write answers to the questions perfectly in exams. We have updated the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Resources and Development for the current session so that you can easily score high marks in the exams. You can also download PDF of the solutions and use them whenever you are offline.

Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 NCERT Solutions

1. Multiple choice questions 

(i) Which one of the following type of resource is iron ore?
(a)  Renewable                               
(b) Biotic    
(c) Flow                                    
(d) Non-renewable

Answer: (d) Non-renewable 

(ii) Under which of the following type of resource can tidal energy be put?
(a) Replenishable                               
(b) Human-made 
(c) Abiotic                              
(d) Non-recyclable

Answer: (a) Replenishable 

(iii) Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
(a) Intensive cultivation              
(b) Deforestation    
(c) Over irrigation                      
(d) Overgrazing

Answer: (c) Over irrigation

(iv) In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?
(a) Punjab                                      
(b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh     
(c) Haryana 
(d) Uttarakhand

Answer: (d) Uttarakhand 

(v) In which of the following states is black soil found?
(a) Jammu and Kashmir         
(b) Gujarat   
(c) Rajasthan                                  
(d) Jharkhand

Answer: (b) Gujarat 

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words. 

(i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it. 

(ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil. 

(iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas? 

(iv) What are the biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples. 

Answer: (i) Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh are states having black soil.  Cotton is mainly grown in black soil. 

(ii) Alluvial Soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast.

Three features of alluvial soil are:

  • Alluvial soils are very fertile.
  • They are ideal for growing sugarcane, wheat and paddy.
  • The regions of alluvial soils are intensively cultivated and densely populated. 

(iii) In hilly areas, soil erosion can be controlled by ploughing across contour-lines, making use of terrace farming techniques and using strips of grasses to check soil erosion by wind and water. 

(iv) Biotic Resources: The resources which are obtained from the biosphere and have life are called Biotic Resources. For example, animals and plants including human beings.

Abiotic Resources: The resources which are composed of non-living things are called abiotic Resources. For example, water, minerals, metals, wind, solar energy etc. 

3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words. 

(i) Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-61? 

(ii) How have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources? 

Answer: (i) Land resources in India are primarily divided into agricultural land, forest land, pasture and grazing land, and wasteland. Wasteland includes rocky, arid and desert areas and land used for non-agricultural purposes like housing, roads, industry, etc.

According to recent data available, the percentage of net sown area (NSA) in India is about 54% of the total reporting area (if, the other than current fallow lands is included). 22.5% is covered by forests, and 3.45% is used for grazing. The rest is a wasteland, with traces of miscellaneous cultivation.

Improper use of forest land has led to land degradation and made conservation of forests difficult. Human activities like deforestation, overgrazing, mining, quarrying, etc have contributed to the slow growth rate of forests. Thus, land under forest has increased by only about 4% since 1960-61.

(ii) Technical and economic development have led to more consumption of resources on account of various factors such as:

  • Technological development provides sophisticated equipments. As a result, production increases ultimately leading to consumption of more resources.
  • Technological development also leads to economic development. When the economic condition of a country rises, the needs of people also rise. It again results into more consumption of resources.
  • Economic development provides favourable environment for the development of latest technologies. It helps to make or convert various materials found around us into resources. Finally, it results into the consumption of new available resources too.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Resources and Development: Chapter Overview

As the name suggests in this chapter, you will learn about what is resources, types of resources, and how resources contribute to development. At the very beginning, you will get to know about types of resources on the basis of origin, exhaustibility, ownership, and the status of development. Further, we will learn about how to develop resources, and planning requires to develop resources. Later part of this chapter explains you about land degradation and their conservation measures.