NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources are given below. These solutions contain answers to all the exercise questions given in the Geography textbook. All our solutions are updated as per the latest CBSE Syllabus and Guidelines. These solutions will also help you to score higher marks with the help of well-illustrated answers. All the questions and answers of Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources are provided here in PDF format.
Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources NCERT Solutions
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Exercise Questions
1. Answer the following questions.
(i) Name any three common minerals used by you every day.
Answer: Salt, Gold and Copper are three common minerals used everyday
(ii) What is an ore? Where are the ores of metallic minerals generally located?
Answer: Rocks from which minerals are obtained are known as ores. For any material to be called ore of any mineral, it must contain minimum adequate quantity of that miner also that it can be extracted profitably.
(iii) Name two regions rich in natural gas resources.
Answer: The United Kingdom and the Netherlands are the major producers of natural gas. Natural gas is found with petroleum deposits and is released when crude oil is brought to the surface. It is used as a domestic and industrial fuel.
(iv) Which sources of energy would you suggest for (a) rural areas (b) coastal areas (c) Arid regions.
Answer: (a) Biogas energy for rural areas
(b) Hydel and tidal energy for coastal areas
(c) Wind and solar energy for arid regions
(v) Give five ways in which you can save energy at home.
Answer: Five ways in which energy can be saved at home:
(i) Switching off lights, fans: and other electrical appliances when not in use
(ii) By seeing to it that electrical devices are operating efficiently; for example, defrosting refrigerator regularly and not keeping the refrigerator door open for longer than necessary
(iii) Using energy-efficient devices such as fluorescent bulbs and tubes
(iv) Using energy efficiently while cooking; for example, keeping the lids close, while cooking
(v) Unplugging electrical devices when not in use prevents leakage of electricity; thus saving energy.
2. Tick the correct Answer.
(i) Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of minerals?
(a) They are created by natural processes.
(b) They have a definite chemical composition.
(c) They are inexhaustible.
(d) Their distribution is uneven.
Answer: (c) They are inexhaustible.
(ii) Which one of the following is a leading producer of copper in the world?
(a) Bolivia
(b) Ghana
(c) Chile
(d) Zimbabwe
Answer: (c) Chile.
(iii) Which one of the following practices will NOT conserve LPG in your kitchen.
(a) Soaking the dal for some time before cooking it.
(b) Cooking food in a pressure cooker.
(c) Keeping the vegetables chopped before lighting the gas for cooking.
(d) Cooking food in an open pan kept on low flame.
Answer: (d) Cooking food in an open pan kept on low flame.
3. Give reasons.
(i) Environmental aspects must be carefully looked into before building huge dams.
Answer: Construction of a huge dam creates large scale destruction of natural vegetation and wildlife in those areas, which get submerged. This is not good for the ecosystem. Hence, environmental aspects must be carefully looked into, before building huge dams.
(ii) Most industries are concentrated around coal mines.
Answer: Coal is used as a source of energy and power and also as a raw material in most of the industries. Hence most industries are concentrated around coal mines of the purpose saving cost of transportation of coal (cost effectiveness).
(iii) Petroleum is referred to as “black gold”.
Answer: The term “black gold” is used with reference to petroleum and its various derivatives. The word “black” refers to the colour of petroleum in its crude form. The word “gold” implies that petroleum and all the various products of petroleum (like diesel, petrol, kerosene, wax, plastics and lubricants) are as valuable to human society as the metal gold.
(iv) Quarrying can become a major environmental concern.
Answer: Quarrying creates many problems. Fine dust particles spreads in the air around a quarrying site. Dust particles from quarry can cause respiratory problems. Quarrying also destroys natural vegetation and thus the home of many wild animals.
4. Distinguish between the followings.
(i) Conventional and Non-conventional sources of energy
(ii) Biogas and natural gas
(iii) Ferrous and Non-ferrous minerals
(iv) Metallic and Non-metallic minerals
Answer: (i) Conventional and Non-conventional sources of energy
| Conventional sources of energy | Non-conventional sources of energy |
| Have been in common use for a long time | Are not commonly used |
| Are generally exhaustible. | Are generally inexhaustible. |
| Are generally polluting. | Are mostly non-polluting. |
| Example: Firewood, coal | Example: Solar energy, nuclear energy. |
(ii) Biogas and natural gas
| Biogas gas | Natural gas |
| Formed using organic wastes such as dead plant and animal matter, animal dung and kitchen waste. | Found along with petroleum deposits and gets released when crude oil is brought to the surface. |
| It is a non-conventional source of energy. | It is a conventional source of energy. |
| It is easily available, especially in rural areas. | It is not easily available; very few countries have sufficient natural gas reserves of their own. |
| It is polluting; causes greenhouse effect as it releases carbon dioxide. | Is a cleaner fuel. |
| Used as a domestic fuel for cooking and lighting. | Used as a domestic fuel as well as an industrial fuel. |
(iii) Ferrous and Non-ferrous minerals
| Ferrous minerals | Non-ferrous minerals |
| A metallic mineral that contains iron. | A metallic mineral that does not contain iron. |
| Example: Iron ore, manganese. | Example: Gold, silver. |
(iv) Metallic and Non-metallic minerals
| Metallic mineral | Non-metallic mineral |
| A mineral containing metal in raw form. | A mineral not containing metal. |
| Example: Bauxite, iron ore. | Example: Limestone, gypsum. |